final exam
2017年1月5日 星期四
western literature week17
 |
|
  |
The Virgin of the Rocks (
the Madonna of the Rocks)
The Virgin of the Rocks (sometimes
the Madonna of the Rocks) is the name used for two paintings by Leonardo da Vinci, of the same subject, and of a composition which is
identical except for several significant details. |
 |
Scattering is a general physical process
where some forms of radiation, such as light, sound, or moving particles, are
forced to deviate from a straight trajectory by one or more paths due to localized non-uniformities in the medium
through which they pass. In conventional use, this also includes deviation of reflected
radiation from the angle predicted by the law of reflection. Reflections that undergo scattering are often called diffuse reflections and unscattered reflections are called specular (mirror-like) reflections.
|
 |
|
 |
Peace occurs between heterogeneous social groups
and is characterized by a
lack of conflict and freedom from fear of violence.
Commonly understood as the absence of hostility, peace often involves compromise, and
therefore is initiated with thoughtful listening and communication to enhance
and create mutual understanding.
Peace can be defined in a positive direction and
in a negative sense. Positively, peace is a state of tranquility and stillness;
however, in a negative sense, peace is the absence of war or violence.
|
 |
The chosen people
Throughout history, various groups of people have considered themselves to be chosen people by a deity for a purpose, such as to act as the
deity's agent on earth. In monotheistic faiths references to God are used in constructs such as "God's Chosen People".
The phenomenon of a "chosen people" is particularly common in the
Abrahamic tradition, where it originally referred to the Israelites. Some
claims of chosenness are based on parallel claims of Israelite ancestry, as is the case for the Christian
Identity and Black Hebrew sects- both which claim themselves (and not
Jews) to be the "true Israel". Others claim a "spiritual"
chosenness, including most Christian denominations, who traditionally believe
the church has replaced Israel as the People
of God.
Anthropologists commonly regard claims of chosenness as a form
of ethnocentrism.
|
 |
"God's
Suffering Servant"
Jewish scripture in Isaiah 52:13 through Isaiah 53:12 describes the servant of the Lord as the Nation of Israel itself: "My Servant..." (Isaiah 53:11), "... a man of pains and accustomed to
illness ... " (Isaiah 53:3). "The theme of Isaiah is jubilation, a
song of celebration at the imminent end of the Babylonian
Captivity".Judaism sees this passage, especially "God's
Suffering Servant", being written over 2500 years ago, without a reference
to the king Mashiach. Jewish teaching also does take note of the
historical context in which God's Suffering Servant appears, particularly
because it speaks in the past tense. Jews have borne injustices under the Assyrian, Babylonian, Seleucid, Roman and Nazi German empires which are all gone, and the nation of
Israel is still fighting wars with its neighbours today.
|
 |
In Christian theology and ecclesiology, the apostles,
particularly the Twelve
Apostles (also called the Twelve Disciples), were the primary historical disciples of Jesus, the central figure in Christianity. During the life and ministry of Jesus in the 1st century AD, the apostles were his
closest followers and became the primary teachers of the gospel message of Jesus. The word disciple is sometimes used interchangeably with apostle; for instance, the Gospel of John makes no distinction between the two terms. In modern usage, prominent missionaries are often called apostles, a practice which stems from the Latin equivalent of apostle,
i.e. missio, the source of the English word missionary. For example, Saint Patrick (AD 373–463) was the "Apostle of Ireland", and Saint Boniface (680–755) was the "Apostle to the Germans".
|
訂閱：
文章 (Atom)